nt - p h / 04 07 19 0 v 1 23 J ul 2 00 4 A Proposal for an Optical Implementation of an Universal Quantum Phase Gate
نویسندگان
چکیده
A great effort has recently gone into the search for practical architecture for quantum information processing systems. In this paper we focus on optical implementations of quantum information processing systems – in particular quantum phase gate[1]. One of the possible ways to realize this system requires strong interaction of the photonic qubits. Sufficiently strong interactions have been unavailable until recently. The effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)[2] and its use in the implementation of nonlinear optical interactions opened a way for generation of large optical nonlinearities, and hence strong photon-photon interactions [3]. A significant cross-phase modulation is the key ingredient for the implementation of a quantum phase gate between two optical qubits. Such a cross-phase modulation could be realized exploiting the cross-Kerr effect whereby an optical field acquires a phase shift conditioned to the state of another optical field. The relevant gate transformation is defined through the following input-output relations |i〉1|j〉2 → exp {iφij} |i〉1|j〉2, where i, j = 0, 1 denote the qubit basis. In particular, this becomes a universal two-qubit gate, that is a gate able to entangle two initially factorized qubits, when the conditional phase shift φ = φ11 + φ00 − φ10 − φ01 becomes different from zero[1, 4].
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ua nt - p h / 04 04 08 3 v 1 1 4 A pr 2 00 4 Quantum phase gate between ions in a solid
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We describe the construction of a conditional quantum control-not (CNOT) gate from linear optical elements following the program of Knill, Laflamme and Milburn [Nature 409, 46 (2001)]. We show that the basic operation of this gate can be tested using current technology. We then simplify the scheme significantly.
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We describe the construction of a conditional quantum control-not (CNOT) gate from linear optical elements following the program of Knill, Laflamme and Milburn [Nature 409, 46 (2001)]. We show that the basic operation of this gate can be tested using current technology. We then simplify the scheme significantly.
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